Depiction Of Women Using Sociological Theory - 2208 Words

Throughout the history of advertising, women have often been used as a tool to sell products. Depending on who the target audience is for will change the way a woman is exploited in order to sell the product, for example in adverts mainly targeted at a heterosexual male audience, a women will be typically represented as a sexual object. And despite the changing perception of women within society following an acceptance amongst Western culture of feminism, women still continue to be used in printed advertisements as an object of desire rather than an equal human being. As Gill (2008, p.9) argues â€Å"today, the body is portrayed in advertising and many other parts of the media as the primary source of women’s capital.† Before this shifting in Westernised views, women were mainly represented as housewives, who needed to buy the advertised product in order to become the perfect, ideal housewife. I will look at three printed advertisements from various points in contempora ry history and analyse their varying depiction of women using sociological theory. The three advertisements I have chosen to use are as follows: The Kenwood Chef advert declaring that: â€Å"The chef does everything but cook – that’s what wives are for! I’m giving my wife a Kenwood Chef.† –Taken from www.geekslop.com/2014/sexist-portrayals-in-old-vintage-advertisements#jp-carosel-11330. The Tipalet cigarette advert which declares: â€Å"Blow in her face and she’ll follow you anywhere.† – Taken fromShow MoreRelatedStructural Functionalism and Conflict Theory1541 Words   |  7 PagesStructural Functionalism amp; Conflict Theory Karl Marx and Max Weber were the first conflict theorists in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Following Marx and Weber were three mid-20th century conflict theorists: Lewis Coser, Ralf Dahrendorf, and Randall Collins. Coser draws his theoretical ideas from Simmel. 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Social policies are created after Sociological research identifies social problems of society, for e.g. policies put in place to help vulnerable children (adopted/abused), as they are highly likely to end up in gangs, as drug addicts or prostitutes. According to Worsley (1977) a social problemRead MoreFemale Sexuality Within Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1689 Words   |  7 Pagesalso introduced a single-minded approach to women’s sexuality and behavioral nature. One of the most important and adverse aspects and of female Victorians was their legal rights. Social myths about legal matters were far from the reality. Single women had the same legal rights as men, meaning they could buy property, have debt, make a will, sue and be sued. All these opportunities vanished once a woman became married. Everything belonged legally to the man. Her children, personal property, and moneyRead MoreRacism in the Sports Industry1594 Words   |  6 Pagesan interesting dynamic of American social culture. Our group’s project sought to dissect examples of the interaction between the American mass media and its depiction/characterization of minority athletes. Although a plethora of established and peer-reviewed research exists in myriad of disciplines spanning communication to sociological theory covering this phenomenon, for the scope of this project, the authors decided to focus on anecdotal conveyances to offer the reader a sample of the extreme ineq ualitiesRead MoreHomosexuality As A Psychological Disorder1511 Words   |  7 Pagesbiological has yet to have solid evidence to support that theory. Therefore, the start up of these groups were quite unnecessary. Homosexuality, at most, is a psychological disorder, meaning it is all in the person s head. It can be caused by a multitude of things and can be changed with a little help from others. 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Before a particular subject matter is researched, the researcher firstly makes certain assumptions about

Negative Views Concerning Video Game Violence Free Essays

There are many different views about video games and the effects violence has on children and society as a whole. Many feel that games are harmful and have no purpose but to serve as an unintelligent and wasteful medium of entertainment. Others feel that games have plenty to offer and will one day be as respected a medium as television, radio or books. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Views Concerning Video Game Violence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Input from both sides of the issue was gathered and a conclusion was drawn based on various studies and opinions. Throughout The course of this report, the issue of violence in video games and the overall worth of games in general will be addressed. There are a lot of negative views concerning video games, particularly of the violent variety. Critics say that violent games are a pretty poison for society, fancy blood and fireworks with no redeeming value. They say that video games take innocent young children and taint them with images of fiery destruction. Many of these critics also see that most of the games on the market are violent and bash the industry for it. Video games are one of the most engaging form of media on the market, there’s no denying that. But does the immersiveness of games make them more apt to blur the line between fantasy and reality? Some people say so. At the very least, it is desensitizing, so there can’t really be anything good about it. And yet, marathon sessions of Quake have not made the author of this essay into a raging mass murderer, or even any less squeamish at the sight of real violence. Perhaps one may become desensitized to artificial violence, but at the same time not to real world violence. Just how do games effect impressionable young children? Do they effect them at all? No studies seem to be decisive on this issue, but it would seem that upbringing plays a major role in how a video game effects a child’s life. Other important factors are the kind of game that is being played, and how â€Å"wholesome† the motives and rewards for killing are. How a parent raises a child really determines everything about a child’s young life, and much of what that child will grow to become. If the child can’t determine fantasy from reality because they haven’t been taught the difference, it doesn’t matter whether there is a single video game on the face f the Earth. It is inevitable that some form of media will eventually have the same sort of effect on them that video games would. Rich Fleider of Rogue Entertainment puts it this way: â€Å"Video games are only an extension of human’s innate desire to play. Without video games, that desire would only express itself in a different fashion in another medium. † There is no excuse and no remedy for poor parenting and it is wrong to use games or movies or anything else as a scapegoat. Mark Dochtermann of Ritual Entertainment believes that â€Å".. he only thing that can corrupt a young mind is an unhealthy environment in which to grow. Parents who blame their problematic children on Dungeon and Dragons and video games are just beating down the wrong door. † Paul Jaquays, a level designer for gaming industry superpower id Software had this to say about the types of video game violence: â€Å"Although I’m certain I’m doing my share of rationalizing here, I tend to categorize it into two distinct classes: A) Violence against the enemy: War in the name of self defense, necessary actions against violent criminals. B) Violence against the innocent: Acts of violence against non-aggressors, bystanders, children, or those committed as a part of a game which glorifies crime, etc. The former, in game terms, is acceptable to me. The latter is not. Some recent games such as Carmageddon, Postal, and Grand Theft Auto fall into the latter. † Most people find the irreverent treatment to innocent people in these games quite offensive, and for good reason. If any kind of video game violence is harmful â€Å"Type B† violence is definitely that kind of video game What is the worth of video games? â€Å"I just don’t understand the point of those games,† many say. Well, that’s a valid comment from someone who has never played a game. Anyone who had played a game for any decent amount of time would understand their appeal. They provide hours of entertainment, improve hand-eye coordination, act as a form of communication and help people learn helpful skills. On top of that, many people believe that games provide a positive way to purge anger and frustration. The entertainment value of some video games is tremendous. Just ask anyone who has played Threewave Capture the Flag for Quake, or spent sleepless nights feeding their chronic addiction to Civilization. Raven Software’s Jon Zuk had this to say about video games as entertainment: â€Å"Some games are time-wasting entertainment, and that’s not a bad thing. The people who complain loudest about games should probably sit down and play one. They might (GASP! ) actually enjoy it,†. Games are a good way for kids to develop good hand-eye coordination and good timing. Without killer reflexes and good aim, one will find some difficulty trying to conquer any action game. Killer reflexes and good aim not only serve to make you better at video games but can help in sports Video games are a good way for people to communicate and make friends. In the words of Dave Taylor, owner of Crack dot Com, â€Å"You can make friends. Ever played a net game and then told stories about how you managed to sneak the commando in unseen and blow up their power plant in CC? Or retold the beautiful long-range kill you made with a rocket from high atop a ledge in Quake? You can also make friends by going out and drinking beer, smoking cigarettes and partying all night, which can lead to liver disease, lung cancer and depression. As stupid and worthless as some people make games sound, I think games are a more intellectual alternative than the standard way to make friends. † Games can also provide a lot of valuable skills that are transferrable to every day life. With the exclusion of learning how to circle strafe and rocket jump, games can teach you a variety of useful tidbits. Dave Taylor has this to say about the kind of things you can pick up by playing games: Adventure games can teach problem solving skills, useful for learning how to research and how to â€Å"get things done†. Strategy games can teach the value of resource management a skill valuable in all sorts of leadership positions. Action games can improve your reflexes, a skill valuable to the military and to athletics. † Games are a method of eliminating stress and anger in a productive and harmless way. Video games may actually be part of the solution rather than the problem. Richard P. Gray a. k. a Levelord says â€Å"†¦ I don’t take any grand pride in enjoying the misfortune of others, even if â€Å"they† are â€Å"evil†, but I can not deny this passion is there and I think ignoring it may even be worse than riding it down abstract, non-damaging avenues. † There are many different types of games, and not all of them are violent in the slightest. Why then, do violent games make up the majority of games on store shelves? The reason is not necessarily that game companies are trying to capitalize on violence (Although sometimes that is the case), but that they are limited by design to create violent games. In the words of master game designer Warren Spector, â€Å"We’re doing the best we can with the tools available to us in an infant medium. The fact is, it’s insanely hard to mimic human behavior on a computer. Heck, it’s almost impossible to make a character walk in a convincing manner. It’s really hard to create a world simulation deep enough to allow players much freedom to choose how they’re going to react to a situation – it’s pretty much limited to kill that thing over there, or talk to it (And even talking is way hard†¦ ). On the other hand, it’s really easy to put a monster on the screen, tell it to dodge around a bit and let the player kill it†¦ † â€Å"†¦ I guarantee you will see games where the layer can do more than kill things – we’re getting closer every day. † In conclusion, the research done in this project suggests that games are slightly more (To paraphrase the old Transformers cartoon) than what meets the eye. Like Shakespeare was persecuted for his works and like movies and television took their share of heat, video games are simply the newest thing to have all of society’s ills piled on top of them. In the future, things will change. How to cite Negative Views Concerning Video Game Violence, Essay examples

Compare the ways the poets use language to represent Essay Example For Students

Compare the ways the poets use language to represent Essay To show the poems are about relationships the writer has written in first person which is the perspective of one of the people in the relationship talking about the other person. In both of the poems the theme being portrayed is Love in, In Paris with you this is shown throughout the language Fenton uses Dont talk to me of love in this poem to show the theme of love Fenton Just repeats the word love in the context, this acts as a reminder to the reader to constantly tell us its about love this particular quote says the he or she has heard of love too many times. In To his coy mistress Marvel shows the theme of love by also using the word in the context Nor would I love at a lower ate looking upon both quotes used its shows the reader and I that the poems have two different attitudes towards love, James Fenton is more abrupt towards love because the poem is about going to Paris not to fall in love but to have fun and Just have sex, using them as a rebound resentful mess Ive been throu gh to get over a past lover whereas Marvel is showing the positive sides to love and that he cares about it more. In Addition to this In Paris with you shows repetition dont talk to me of love wowing resentment to taking part in any romantic activities say sod off to Gooding Notre Dame supporting our point in Pennons abrupt view, there is no repetition in to his coy mistress and they writer does take interest in romantic activities Thou by the Indian Ganges side shoulders find rubies in comparison to in Paris with you Andrew Marvel presents the person as a hopeless romantic. In To his Coy Mistress it shows the man saying that there isnt a lot of time to show their love for each other s time is swallowing up there moments together, this is shown by beautiful and elegant language; however the point that he wants to make is quite the opposite, Times winged chariot hurrying near. This is Greek mythology-every it me the new day started, it was brought in by a winged chariot, so this represents time and how it presents relationship. The relationship in this poem is rushed by time, which makes it seem less romantic and it almost presents the man in a negative way as all he wants is to get into bed with her. On the other hand this could be looked upon as Ewing ambiguous and could perhaps be interpreted as the speaker is seen as positive because if the speaker could the speaker would look after the recipient do anything with the person the speaker is talking about and adore the body, Two hundred to adore each breast; But thirty thousand for the rest. This shows the love and compassion that the speaker has for the one they are talking about. This is also shown in the strong and imaginative vocabulary that is used, for example And now, like amorous birds of prey, this shows passionate and powerful imagery towards heir relationship. In To his Coy Mistress it excessively goes on about how time is an issue in the relationship, implying time is has hatred towards love and relationships; however in the poem In Paris with you it seems that they have all the time in the world to get to know each other, for instance, learning who you are, Learning what I am. This implies that they have a lot of learning time, to get to know each other. It seems to me that it shows that they dont know where the relationship is going; they Just live in the moment, time is not a virtue. .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .postImageUrl , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:hover , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:visited , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:active { border:0!important; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:active , .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827 .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u56977cc00d723334b7eb3b09febd9827:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Heaney portrays images of family and country life EssayThis is backed up later in the poem by when it says Theres a crack in the wall this implies that there is time to waste as he notices it and doesnt realism about the wasting time. This is ambiguous because it could perhaps be interpreted as there are conscious thoughts about the time as the speaker says do you mind if we do not go to the Louvre, this shows that they dont have a lot of time and Just want to stay in the hotel.

Theme and Audience of Gossip Girl Essay Example For Students

Theme and Audience of Gossip Girl Essay This essay will attempt to explain why its audience including the author of this essay enjoy the programme Gossip Girl. The theme of the programme and the main characters will be discussed. The following paragraphs will discuss the social divide regarding the characters, those from the Upper East Side and those from Brooklyn. An attempt will be made to determine when discussing the characters and their background, whether it is the case that the audience are identifying with the characters and therefore the reason for Gossip Girls popularity. Within the program Gossip Girl there are 16 characters, the main one being Gossip Girl themselves. The characters all have very different roles and backgrounds. Within the next few paragraphs, they will be discussed and talked about how they portrayed within the programme. In the first episode, the audience are introduced to two of the main characters, Serena Van Der Woodsen and Blair Waldorf. Both these characters are from the Upper East Side, they are the socialites of their school and every girl at their school looks up to them. We will write a custom essay on Theme and Audience of Gossip Girl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Except when we get deeper into the series it turns out, they are bad role models, with the likes of Serena who was known for her use of recreational drugs, her obsessive drinking and girl next door partying lifestyle. Then we come to Blair Waldorf, Serenas best friend. At the beginning, Serena and Blairs friendship was nonexistent, once again because of Serenas partying ways. Like any friendship, Serena and Blair had their fall outs, which brought the worst out in Blair. Blair Waldorf was not the sweetheart, who would not hurt anybody, like everyone thought. She was in fact the only person who could hurt Serena more than anyone by posting her secrets to gossip girl. Gossip Girl was a phenomenon within the real life Upper East Side and surrounding communities such as Brooklyn. No matter where you stood on the social ladder, her posts would obsess you. In the series, Gossip Girl was always voiced as a female, she would make sure everyone knew she had eyes everywhere, ready to email her with tip offs about the next big scandal so she could post it to the website. As far as everyone was concerned, Gossip Girl was not your friend, she was there cause drama, and she definitely did. She would make all the characters doubt themselves. Only in the final episode do we find out that in fact, everything Gossip Girl did and posted was for the good and that Gossip Girl was one of the main characters from the TV show. Dan Humphrey was introduced into the show when he started dating Serena Van Der Woodsen. Serena and Dan made a very controversial couple because of their very different lives. Serena was from the Upper East Side, she had money and she got what she wanted just because her name, however Dan Humphrey was from Brooklyn, he did not have money and had to work for everything he wanted. Some of the characters did not agree with Serena and Dan being together because of their different lives and social standing. Blair Waldorf and Chuck Bass were two of the characters who were vocal about it out of the ordinary. Blair and Chuck gave Dan Humphrey the nickname of Lonely Boy, this is because he was not from their world although they went to the same private school and paid the same fees, Dan was different. He came from Brooklyn; he lived with his sister and dad in a loft apartment whereas Chuck lived a lavish life living in his fathers hotel and off his fathers money. Chucks and the other characters from the Upper East Side lives revolved around sex, drugs, money and high fashion. These two worlds came colliding together when Dan finally got acceptance from the Upper East Side group of friends. The audience of Gossip Girl was a worldwide trend, no matter where you went people were captivated. The show had a target demographic of women between eighteen and thirty-four years old and they definitely exceeded that. .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .postImageUrl , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:hover , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:visited , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:active { border:0!important; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:active , .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u98574ff5a73eb83602e4b0ba4aecd0ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Robocop - A Postmodern Film Study EssayThey had women of all ages watching their show, women from France, America, and London, all over the world Gossip Girl was being watched. It got to the point Gossip Girl was so popular that an audience grew in China and began watching it but illegally. Not only did the individuality of each character resonate with the audience but also the suspense of not knowing whom Gossip Girl was as well as not knowing when it would be revealed left the audience wanting more. Within the show, they talked about drinking, drug use and sex. The characters were portraying what teenagers really do this helped many viewers identify with the storylines. Towards the end of Gossip Girl, everyone had his or her theories on who it was. For a little while it was known that Serena Van Der Woodsen had gotten hold of the website, many viewers believed it was still her, some thought Blair. Nobody was expecting the twist of it not only being a male character but it being Lonely Boy, Dan Humphrey. The one character that Gossip Girl targeted most, as well as Serena. This was Dans way into the Upper East Side other than his on, off relationship with Serena. In summation, one of the reasons this programme was so popular could be that ordinary people identified with the characters and the social problem the characters were going through. An additional contributory factor in popularity is the advertising for the programme. Wherever you went, there would be a posters, billboards and social media going crazy for the next episode. Even if people were not watching it, the advertisement and marketing was so prominent that they started too just to find out whom Gossip Girl was.

How To Become A Writer

How To Become A Writer How To Become A Writer How To Become A Writer By Mark Nichol Write. In order to be able to call yourself a writer, all you have to do is write. But I have another piece of advice: Don’t go passing out business cards emblazoned with that word just yet. Malcolm Gladwell is a fascinating writer (one who deserves those business cards) who has an uncanny knack for extrapolating from mundane facts and ideas from an oblique and unique angle. In his book Outliers: The Story of Success, he describes an intriguing concept popularly known as the 10,000-Hour Rule. Simply stated, it points out that most people who become highly accomplished at one endeavor or another have at least one thing in common: They’ve worked at it for 10,000 hours. So, if you haven’t devoted an hour a day into writing for the last thirty years, or three hours a day for the past decade, or an equivalent total, don’t be surprised that you can’t find your name on the New York Times best seller list. Take heart, however, that you don’t need to log five figures’ worth of writing time to satisfying your desire to compose prose (or poetry, or nonfiction). But ignore James Brown’s advice to get up offa that thing sit down on that thing and write. It doesn’t matter what you write, but it matters that you write. It also matters that you read and, similarly, the what isn’t as important as the that: that you read. Read literary classics and airport novels and graphic novels. Read biographies and memoirs and as-told-tos. Read magazines and newspapers and blogs. Read about people and places and things real and imagined. But learn to distinguish between bad writing and good writing and great writing. Notice the style and tone and technique of the great stuff. Don’t try to imitate it, but recognize it and what it does for your reading experience. Think about what you want the experience to be like for your readers. Don’t forget, though, the most important reason to write: for your own enjoyment the joy of creation, the joy of reading the story you had to write because nobody else had done so until you came along. Don’t write with any goal in mind except this one: to complete a story a novel, a novella, a short story, a short short story so that you can read it. I’ll return to this topic with posts about elements of fiction writing and others about writing nonfiction, but I’ll sign off for now, because I don’t want to keep you from your writing. What are you waiting for? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating Conjunctions50 Nautical Terms in General UseThe Two Sounds of G

Definition of Luddites

Definition of Luddites The Luddites were weavers in England in the early 19th century who were being put out of work by the introduction of machinery. They responded in dramatic fashion by organizing to attack and smash the new machines. The term Luddite is generally used today to describe someone who does not like, or does not comprehend, new technology, especially computers. But the actual Luddites, while they did attack machines, were not mindlessly opposed to any and all progress. The Luddites were actually rebelling against a profound change in their way of life and their economic circumstances. One could argue that the Luddites have gotten a bad rap. They were not stupidly attacking the future. And even when they did physically attack machinery, they showed a skill for effective organization.   And their crusade against the introduction of machinery was based on a reverence for traditional work. That may seem quaint, but the reality is that early machines used the textile industries produced work that was inferior to the traditional hand-crafted fabrics and garments. So some Luddite objections were based on a concern for quality workmanship. The outbreaks of Luddite violence in England began in late 1811 and escalated throughout the following months. By the spring of 1812, in some regions of England, attacks on machinery were occurring nearly every night. Parliament reacted by making destruction of machinery a capital crime and by the end of 1812 a number of Luddites had been arrested and executed. The Name Luddite Has Mysterious Roots The most common explanation of the name Luddite is that it is based on a boy named Ned Ludd who broke a machine, either on purpose or through clumsiness, in the 1790s. The story of Ned Ludd was told so often that to break a machine became known, in some English villages, to behave like Ned Ludd, or to do like Ludd. When the weavers who were being put out of work began to strike back by smashing machines, they said they were following the orders of General Ludd. As the movement spread they became known as Luddites. At times the Luddites sent letters or posted proclamations signed by the mythical leader General Ludd. The Introduction of Machines Outraged the Luddites Skilled workers, living and working in their own cottages, had been producing woolen cloth for generations. And the introduction of shearing frames in the 1790s began to industrialize the work. The frames were essentially several pairs of hand shears placed onto a machine which was operated by one man turning a crank. A single man at a shearing frame could do the work that had previously been done by a number of men cutting fabric with hand shears. Other devices to process wool came into use in the first decade of the 19th century. And by 1811 many textile workers realized that their very way of life was being threatened by the machines which could do the work faster. The Origins of the Luddite Movement The beginning of organized Luddite activity is often traced to an event in November 1811, when a group of weavers armed themselves with improvised weapons. Using hammers and axes, the men broke into a workshop in the village of Bulwell determined to smash frames, the machines used to shear wool. The incident turned violent when men guarding the workshop fired at the attackers, and the Luddites fired back. One of the Luddites was killed. Machines used in the emerging wool industry had been smashed before, but the incident at Bulwell raised the stakes considerably. And actions against machines began to accelerate. In December 1811, and into the early months of 1812, late-night attacks on machines continued in parts of the English countryside. Parliaments Reaction to the Luddites In January 1812 the British government sent 3,000 troops into the English Midlands in an effort to suppress Luddite attacks on machinery. The Luddites were being taken very seriously. In February 1812 the British Parliament took up the issue and began debating whether to make machine breaking an offense punishable by capital punishment. During the Parliamentary debates, one member of the House of Lords, Lord Byron, the young poet, spoke out against making frame breaking a capital crime. Lord Byron was sympathetic to the poverty which faced unemployed weavers, but his arguments did not change many minds. In early March 1812 frame breaking was made a capital offense. In other words, the destruction of machinery, specifically the machines that turned wool into cloth, was declared a crime on the same level as murder and could be punished by hanging. The British Militarys Response to the Luddites An improvised army of about 300 Luddites attacked a mill in the village of Dumb Steeple, England, in early April 1811. The mill had been fortified, and two Luddites were shot dead in a short battle in which the barricaded doors of the mill could not be forced open. The size of the attacking force led to rumors about a widespread uprising. By some reports there were guns and other weapons being smuggled in from Ireland, and there was a genuine fear that the entire countryside would rise up in rebellion against the government. Against that backdrop, a large military force commanded by General Thomas Maitland, who had previously put down rebellions in British colonies in India and the West Indies, was directed to end the Luddite violence. Informers and spies led to arrests of a number of Luddites throughout the summer of 1812. Trials were held at York in late 1812, and 14 Luddites were publicly hanged. Luddites convicted of lesser offenses were sentenced to punishment by transportation, and were sent to British penal colonies in Tasmania. The widespread Luddite violence came to an end by 1813, though there would be other outbreaks of machine breaking. And for several years public unrest, including riots, were linked to the Luddite cause. And, of course, the Luddites were not able to stop the influx of machinery. By the 1820s mechanization had essentially taken over the woolen trade, and later in the 1800s manufacture of cotton cloth, using very complex machinery, would be a major British industry. Indeed, by the 1850s machines were lauded. At the Great Exhibition of 1851 millions of excited spectators came to the Crystal Palace to watch new machines turn raw cotton into finished fabric.

The assignment should be presented as a Journal opinion article and - 1

The should be presented as a Journal opinion article and address an economic issue of current interest to Wall Street Journal readers - Assignment Example There has been maintenance of the rate of federal rate by the Federal Reserve Bank where it has a standard short-term interest rate at near zero for over five years, even as the US economy has suffered a severe recession and slow recovery (Leubsdorf, 1). In March, there was an amendment on the Federal Reserve Bank advance direction on time that it may augment interest rates. Earlier, it had talked of 6.5 percent as had been stated in the threshold. However, it now awaits a significant time following the end of it bond-purchasing program, specifically if inflation is sustained at 2 percent. It is expected that the Federal Reserve Bank will end its bond-purchasing this year and the rates are expected to start rising next year (Leubsdorf, 1). According to the article, the rate of unemployment last month was 6.6 percent and descended from 7.5 percent last year. This information is from the Labor Department data. However, according to Mr. Rosengren, this is an underestimation of how severe the problem is. He argued that most individuals are taking part-time jobs as they cannot secure full-time employment, or have been searching for employment in the past year and have stopped in the last four weeks (Leubsdorf, 1). Inflation is below the target of the Federal Reserve Bank by 2%. Mr. Rosengren believes that it is hard to make estimates that are precise, especially because there has been a shift of economic activity since the recession, comprising the rate of household development, which is slow (Leubsdorf, 1). For the better part, the demand for goods and services is not connected to the interest rate of the market that is always stated in the newspaper, which is the nominal rate. However, it is connected to real interest rate that is as a result of subtracting the rate of inflation from the nominal interest rate. For instance, if one has a car loan

Multiculturalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Multiculturalism - Essay Example We have to get rid of the stereotypes and learn to embrace the strengths that everyone brings to the table. Instead of ridiculing someone because they are different we are to seek the commonalities so that everyone is included in whatever we are doing. When you are in a classroom it is very important to take into consideration the diversity of cultures that are represented. In many school districts Americans struggle with the idea that they have to teach English as a second language to those children who come from Mexico. It is important to make sure that all children are included in the classroom by encouraging them to explore their differences. Some teachers bring in readings about different cultures and create activities around them. Children today do not only have racial differences because of the extended families that raise them. Today a teacher my have children who are disabled, who come from single parent homes and those who come from gay or lesbian homes. These are all a part of the multicultural arena in the class room and all should be made to feel comfortable in their learning. Gender bias in the classroom is not new. There have been several studies done to show that boys and girls receive different educations in most classrooms. In elementary schools many girls are looked over when they raise their hand to answer a question in favor of a boy to answer. In other classrooms it is the boys who are getting the lower grades and who are being referred to special education classrooms. Sometimes this bias comes because of the way the teacher perceives the individual learners in each category. Some teachers seem to socialize young girls towards what they expect a feminine individual to do. They also pressure the boys to accept the role that someone masculine would assume. Chapman (2008) suggests that education teaches girls that they are not equal to boys and there are behaviors that

Human Resources department in William Hill Essay Example for Free

Human Resources department in William Hill Essay Human Resources department in William Hill are important because they have a connection with the quality of employees and market success. William Hill will not be able to work effectively if workers are not committed to meeting corporate objectives so it is the HR management job to ensure this quality by recruiting, developing and retaining these staff. In order to do the above it is essential for HR department to look at various information internally and externally to plan for human resource. Internal and external information is important for William Hill as they need it to determine what they are doing, what they should have done, and what they are about to do. For this company to be the best and to strive to the highest levels they should make sure that they know all legislations that they need to follow in order to stay on the same side of the law. Internal in formation consist of what is happening in the business such as below: Labour Turnover This means the number of employees that leave over a period of time, are replaced and the average length of time workers stay and reason for staff wastage. This can either be advantage or become a disadvantage to William Hill. This is because it can either bring in new employees with new ideas and skills, or it can be expensive to recruit new staff. Due to high costs that it will produce, this can also become time consuming. Employees may leave because of poor career prospects, allowing little chance of promotion or simply better opportunities elsewhere. The way to measure labour turnover is: Wastage rate: No. of leavers in a period * 100 Average number of employees in the period Average No. Employees at start of period + Employees at end of period of employees: 2 Companies including William Hill can use this calculation on a yearly basis for the whole organisation or just the department. This is highly useful when used as a comparison with previous years. One disadvantage is that the equation (wastage rate) doesnt measure the length of service of the employees that leave. Stability Index means that means how long an employee has been with the firm. It can be measure by using this formula: No. of employees with one or more years or service * 100 No. of employees at the start of the year This equation shows the stability of more loyal and settled workers. It ignores short-term workers or those most likely to leave. William Hill Labour turnover for Evelyn Street Branch is: Labour turnover = 3 * 100 = 20% 15 This result includes the amount of part time and full time workers employed in my branch. This is a really good indication that numerous workers love their job and want to stay employed in William Hill. As there is high retention levels it makes planning for human resource easier because it seems that more workers are staying. The amount of people leaving one branch would require the attention of the HR department, this is because the company can observe what is wrong and try to find ways to fix it. This would help the department as it can grow from the results of the turnover. Being able to put back into working order the things that became a problem in the past would make the company more successful from within. Age, Skills and Qualifications According to studies the older you are the more experience you would have. Analysing the age of the workers at William Hill it would show that mostly young and middle age groups are being employed. William Hill tend to take staff during night racing and hiring people around these times would be essential for the company but not for the employee, this is because in that short space of time the workers will not gain the qualifications that they need. William Hills most reliable staff would be the middle age groups. This is because they would be more experienced and have been in that trade for such longer period. In addition to this they will gain maximum experience and qualifications to match. Where this is rewarded by annual pay they will be more expensive to employ, their length of service may make them more expensive to make redundant. Younger staff may lack experience but they may be more receptive to change and new ideas, also they may inexpensive to recruit. When looking at the gender of William Hill you will find that most of the employees are female: FEMALE 60% MALE 40% There are more women on the shop floors than in the Head Office of William. Also the male population tend to be the betters and it means that the female will tend to serve them especially when it comes to individual betting shops. William Hill is a company that employ regardless of qualification or skills in providing their services to customers however it would aid employment if you had rather good maths skills, good communication skills and working with other workers as a team. But William Hill do offer training where it is needed to new or previous staff because it essential time is not wasted in not knowing what to do but being productive and offering good Customer Service. Staff Absences or sickness Staff absences cost industries in terms of money and time due to less productivity. Staff absences is not only included in absences but also bad time keeping such as arriving late and leaving early but also due to industrial accidents. Accidents at work can be avoided by the use of common sense and consideration. Hazards caused by leaving paper on the floor, having the ladder obstructing the way, blocked entrances and exits with boxes and trailing leads. So it is part of the Human Resource to keep sure that safety is kept by each shop and that appropriate planning is made for training in First Aid in case of accidents caused by other individuals. Apart from accidents the workplace can cause illness to workers in a variety of ways especially those that are doing night shift also due to constant smoking by workers and customers it may lead to further health problems in the future so this may cause absences. The staff absences in the Evelyn Branch of William Hill yearly are: Part time employees 18% Full time employees 32% Full time workers have the highest Training This can be done within the business or outside, according to the training needs of the employee. There are different types of training: Induction, Mentoring, Coaching, Apprenticeships, and Off and On the job training. Staff training is required if William Hill are to continue and to be successful to be the best in their market. The process of training is to help employees reach their maximum efficiency. William Hill will need to meet their annual targets therefore employees would need to develop their skills. At the beginning of your employment at William Hill or any other workplace you will have to have an induction. This is an introduction to the business for new employees. This can be used to familiarise the new recruits with the organisation. Based on a good induction the employee will feel at ease with the organisation and some of the employees. Your skills and qualifications may be based on your training. Your ability to gain as much knowledge as you can will be reflected in your skills to do certain jobs. Employees of William Hill will be trained to suit any area no mater what the task in question is. This will then help the company to strive to be the finest it can be. Succession and Promotion of Staff Succession is the process of staff that has left being trained and promoted although it has become common for William Hill to recruit experienced staff from outside the business it would be advantageous to start promoting those within the organisation. So in order for employees to stay and require less human resource planning it helps to encourage staff to remain loyal by giving them good career prospects. Promoting within William Hill will ensure continuity of style and culture of the organisation so that everyone watching out for each other style will still exists to continue increasing productivity. The human resource department do not always approach staff for promotion but teletexting is placed on Managers betting screen to tell staff or posters are placed out side individual LBO if they need certain staff. Nevertheless there is always that problem that internal staffs are not suitable so advertising the need for staff will have to be done for William HR department for planning for the future. External information relates to the information outside of the business and these tend to be things which are beyond William Hills control. So in order to overcome these problems it helps to use the PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal) analysis which looks at all aspects of the external influences which will prove crucial to the outcome of William Hill in coming years. Political With there being a stable political environment it enables William Hill to make predictions about their future because they have that degree of certainty due to knowing that the Labour government will be in power for another four years and hopefully they will stick to the same economic policies. If there was an increase in company taxation levels, this could mean that William Hill will have more cost to pay and may not be able to recruit as many staff as they previously would. For the Human Resource department it means that they may have to recruit staffs that are less expensive such as those that dont have as much experience as someone that may have been in the industry for 10 years. Changes to taxation levels in general would have an affect on William Hill as certain things such as concessions and incentives given to workers could increase or decrease. However some of the company expenses are tax deductible meaning that William Hill can set these off against tax burdens and may make them more willing to recruit workers if costs can be cut through not giving away company cars. The level of protectionism that the government have could affect trade and could affect demand for William Hill services hence demand for labour to supply services could fall or ascend depending on their restrictions. Economic Economic forces affect both the organisation and its customers. Depending on the sector that the business lies on the economic influences will be different. The economic environment may change, William Hill will need to understand how their suppliers and customers will be affected if they are to successfully adjust to change. Unemployment has a relationship with the demand of product or products in general. With a high unemployment level the demand for products will go down as people have less disposable income. If William Hill were to set up in an area that has low employment levels then they could make the percentage level increase thus giving the company more sales as unemployment is low. If interest rates are high then it becomes a lot more expensive for companies like William Hill to borrow money from banks, meaning that William Hill will refrain from expanding and less staff will be needed. The Human Resources Planning department may have to delayer the hierarchy of the company leaving some without a job. With high interest rates people in general will become hostile to purchasing luxury or high priced products or services therefore the demand for them will decrease. The Human Resources department would need to invent ways for this to change in their favour. Social Peoples spending habits may vary during different seasons because of various races during the course of the year such as Cheltenham, The Grand National and many more. William Hill will realise this and take advantage for it. When recruiting staff WH Smith would need to think carefully on whom to take on. Taking in the knowledge that younger employees would be more responsive to change. However someone of the senior generation may offer more years of service. This will effect the HR department of WH Smith because they will need to consider a lot. Since younger people may have new skills and new ideas they may be beneficial to the company, and older employees would stay with the company longer. Technological As technology is advancing WH Smith need to move with the times by using technology They may want to make sure that their products are of the highest standards so WH Smith would use technical equipment thereby reducing the amount of staff required. If WH Smith engages in Internet sales it may also cut down the staffs that is needed. The Human Resources department will take into consideration the affect that this would have on WH Smith and they will use this to interpret the outcome for their future. Environmental Environmental issues are a very big part of all industries as everyone wants to be environmentally friendly. Some of WH Smiths customers would like to buy recyclable products to be kind to the environment. If WH Smith were to be concerned with the environment they could buy more recyclable stationery enabling this to be part of their policy concerning the environment. There may be some customers (like me) that dont really mind whether their goods are recyclable. To them they may think that just because they can be recycled they are not good quality, therefore they would not buy it. The HR department would need to analyse this area and make sure they know and understand the ramifications that may occur from their decisions. This could have an effect on staff as they may need to employ more people to assist with sales or not employ anyone at all. Legal All companies follow an equal opportunity policy as it is part of a legislation that all businesses should follow. For legal reasons William Hill may have to pay one employee more money than another, this would not be because ones a man and the other is a woman, but, because one is a minor (under 16) and the other is above 18. With this policy people under 18 yrs would be paid à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3.60 and anyone older would get à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½4.20. Within this company they do not discriminate against people, this could be from sex discrimination to racial. This could effect the HR department as it could higher the cost of labour that they recruit, meaning that they would reduce the amount of staff.

Essay --

MEDICAL HISTORY/BACKGROUND Concussions are probably one of the most known injuries to the brain right now, especially when it comes to sports. The life-long question has yet to be answered on how to truly cure concussions. Whether its sports, war explosions, or just falling off a ladder concussions are bound to happen to anybody and likely in one’s lifetime. Although most brain trauma is just mild and not very serious (Mayo Clinic, 2011). As far as determining if one has a concussion it can sometimes be very difficult. The symptoms between concussions and Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS) can be very similar and can be hard to outline. This can be a nuisance later on if symptoms persist to determine on the treatment type (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 2013). SYMPTOMS There are many symptoms of a concussion, but none are that profound. Symptoms can a lot of times not be immediate if conscious. Usually victims are not unconscious. Symptoms can last for days and even months (Mayo Clinic, 2011). There are three general areas that concussions can fall under: physical, cognitive (brain function), and psychological or emotion (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 2013). Some symptoms include; headache, confusion, dizziness, amnesia, ringing in the ears, nausea, fatigue, and slurred speech. These are most but there are still plenty of symptoms still out there and more to be discovered (Mayo Clinic, 2011). This paper is mostly going to focus on the cognitive symptoms and how they affect patients. Victims of a concussion usually see all categories of symptoms but one sever category that a concussion can affect a person is cognitively. Cognitively means it deals with the brains functions and how trauma can affect its functions dai... ...the person gets a lot of rest and takes care of his body, then they should recover in not time, a few months top. Again it also varies based on the severity of the injury (Mayo Clinic, 2011). Now, the glutathione that had just been recently discovered to neutralize the brain cell killing molecules has not been tested on humans yet. It has been tested on rat’s and the deceased human’s brains. After applying the glutathione directly onto the skull after the injury it reduced the cell death to 67 percent, 50 percent three hours after the injury, which is a great thing that they are able to still treat even if they don’t diagnose a concussion at first (Roth, 2013). Yeah this isn’t a huge break-through considering that they haven’t tried it on humans, but it is a very big step to finding a way to effectively repair the brain after a concussion and even a possible cure.

That Contribute to the Unequal Access to Health Care and Escalation of the Health Care Cost

This essay focuses on the comparing and contrasting the functionalist, conflict and symbolic interaction perspective on the health care system in Trinidad and Tobago and its problems. Functionalists note that health is essential to the preservation of the human species and organized social life. One way societies contain the negative effects of health problems and disease is through institutionalizing illness in a sick role. Conflict theorists note that some people achieve better health than others because they have access to those resources that contribute to good health and recovery should they become ill.And finally, symbolic Interactionist theorists view sickness as a condition to which we attach socially devised meanings. For example, an increasing number of behaviors that earlier generations defined as immoral or sinful are coming to be seen as forms of sickness the medicalization of deviance. The ministry of health is in the business of promoting wellness and ensuring the avai lability of quality health care to the people of Trinidad and Tobago in an affordable, sustainable and equitable manner. Although some advances were made, problems and inadequacies in the delivery of health care persisted.In addition, the Health Sector Reform Programme was developed with the aim of decentralizing the health services. The government of Trinidad and Tobago takes into account the WHO definition of health as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. (WHO, 1986). Health care therefore, is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical and allied health professions.In an attempt to address the problems the government of Trinidad and Tobago via the ministry of health implemented, the plan to decentralize the health services which was cultivated by strengthening the policy-making, planning and management capacity of the health sector; Separating the provision of services from financing and regulatory responsibilities; Shifting public expenditures and influencing the redirection of private expenditures to high priority problems and cost-effective solutions; Establishing new administrative and employment structures, which encourage accountability, ncrease autonomy and appropriate incentives to improve productivity and efficiency; Educing preventable morbidity and mortality through promoting lifestyle changes and other social interventions. (Ministry of Health, 2000). Functionalism is based around a number of key concepts. Firstly, society is viewed as a system a collection of interdependent parts, with a tendency toward equilibrium. Secondly, there are functional requirements that must be met in a society for its survival (such as reproduction of the population). Thirdly, phenomena are seen to exist because they serve a function (Holmwood, 2005:87).Conflict Theory stat es that the society or organization functions so that each individual participant and its groups struggle to maximize their benefits, which inevitably contributes to social change such as changes in politics and revolutions. The essence of conflict theory is best epitomized by the classic ‘pyramid structure' in which an elite dictates terms to the larger masses. All major institutions, laws, and traditions in the society are designed to support those who have traditionally been in power, or the groups that are perceived to be superior in the society according to this theory.This can also be expanded to include any society's ‘morality' and by extension their definition of deviance. Anything that challenges the control of the elite will likely be considered ‘deviant' or ‘morally reprehensible. ‘ The theory can be applied on either the macro level (like the US government) or the micro level (a church organization or school club). Symbolic Interactionism: H erbert Blumer (1969), who coined the term â€Å"symbolic interactionism,† set out three basic premises of the perspective: firstly, Human beings act toward things on the basis of the meanings that the things have for them.Secondly, the meaning of such things is derived from, or arises out of, the social interaction that one has with one's fellows. These meanings are handled in, and modified through, an interpretive process used by the person in dealing with the things he/she encounters. Symbolic interactionism is a social constructionist approach to understanding social life that focuses on how reality is constructed by active and creative actors through their interactions with others Functionalism argues that any institution, group, or organization can be interpreted by looking at its positive and negative functions in society.The positive functions of the health care system are the prevention and treatment of disease. Ideally, this would mean the delivery of health care to the entire population without regard to race – ethnicity, social class, gender, age or any other characteristic. According to arson the function of the health care system is to enable people to be healthy enough to do all the things they need to do to keep society functioning. (Talbot Parson, 1951).For example, The Government of Trinidad and Tobago is committed to the development of a robust, effective and accessible health care system to ensure that its citizens enjoy long, healthy and productive lives. They will also develop programmes to identify and assess the nation’s health needs and further the training of our medical health personnel to adequately serve the population by focusing on disease screening and prevention, health promotion, improved management and access to health services. (Ministry of Finance, 2009/2010).Functionalism also emphasis the systematic way that various social institution are related to each other together forming relatively stable charact er of society (The Health ministry’s Chronic Disease Assistance Programme (CDAP)) the government is also involved in health care through institution such as University of the West Indies that funds new research on various matters of health and health care policy). (TRHA, 2004) for instance, the introduction of the Tobacco Control Bill is an important element of our public health policy.The health care system is notable for a number of negative functions; some may argued that the functionalistic perspective on medicine applies only to some conditions and people. It does not address chronic illness Those that contribute to disharmony and instability of society such as the Health risk factors for our population include tobacco use, abuse of alcohol, and lack of physical activity, inappropriate diet and obesity which are common to several chronic diseases.Secondly, And without the current ability to cure patients regardless of how much they may want to get well or their doctors m ay try to make them well, that outcome will not occur. Finally, health care system does not function optimally because of the profit motive that is sometimes at odds with the function of providing health care.For instance, some may not be able to afford the cost to get proper health care and it encourages medical professional to be in charge of treatment, leading, in that it does not support the growing interest and knowledge of patients who wants to take an active role with their physician in directing their own health care. The conflict perspective on health care focuses on issues involving equity and tension within the health care system although these theories cannot deny that modern health care can help people in maintaining or restoring their health.Minorities, the lower class, and the elderly particularly elderly woman have less access to health care since they may not be insured (Navarro 1993, 2000) nevertheless, in Trinidad and Tobago such has been eliminated in that, the c onstruction and upgrade of Primary Care Facilities is another initiative aimed at improving the health delivery system and facilitating the Government’s preventive and primary care approach to health.Today, there are 103 health centres, strategically located to ensure increased public access to what today is an expanded range of primary care services. This also reduces the number of patients at our nation’s hospitals, thus securing better care services at all institutions and cost savings through more efficient use of resources. To the contrary the functionalist argues that relatively greater access of the middle and upper classes to medical care is good for society because the upper classes are more beneficial to society.For instance Bearing that in mind, it could be argued that since the ruling class needs hard workers to accomplish their tasks so that the ruling class can become richer, having healthy workers would be beneficial because if a worker is unhealthy they will not be as productive and will be able to produce as many goods and services as a healthier worker. Symbolic interactionism take a micro look at health care rather than focusing on the structure of the larger system or its interrelationships with other parts of the society.The symbolic interactionism holds that illness is partly socially constructed. The definition of illness and wellness are culturally relative. Sickness in one culture may be wellness in another. It is time dependent as well. Similarly health care system itself has a socially constructed aspect. The way we behave towards the ill, towards the doctor and towards innovating ventures such as HMO are all social creatures.For instance, Symbolic interactionism has a concept by Calvin Cooley referred to as the ‘Looking Glass Self’, we see ourselves in terms of how we are viewed in society. If society views us as ill largely mentally but also physically we may come to perceive ourselves that way and behave accordingly. A person with a physical handicap may come to view themselves as flawed or defective and will behave that way. A person with a mental illness will act the way a person with mental illness s supposed to act. (Kendall, 2007). Marxist perspective it ensures that population remains healthy enough to contribute to the economic system, by working in offices and factories to produce profit for the ruling class. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000, 295). Marxist theory of dialectic materialism, which explains the struggle of opposites, could have been used to explain the struggle of people to reverse the trend of not been able to afford quality health (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000,945).One can also draw on the theoretical discussion on social interaction, particularly as it relates to historical events that facilitate this interaction. From a symbolic interactionist perspective we might look at the meanings of work that members of society learn. (Understanding Social Problems, 2009, 258). The concept developed by (Durkheim, 1893) that social solidarity within a culture as one of its most critical features in terms of health and social cohesion will explain why it is important to health and the people of Trinidad and Tobago.Durkheim further argued that individuals and groups that were well integrated into society were less likely to take their own lives than others. The citizenry of the republic of Trinidad and Tobago have had their share of trials with the public health system such as the shortage of nurses, lack of equipment and delivery of medical services, overcrowding and the likes, these things are soon a thing of the past.The government of the republic of Trinidad and Tobago has implemented the health sector reform policy and as well as the transformational plan, which would enable them to foster a healthy and productive population through preventive care to create and maintain a first class health care delivery system; and to develop and manage a compre hensive customer based public health system. These strategic objectives in the transformational plan have been employed and thus the institutional changes resulted in the establishment of the 811 number for the national emergency ambulance service.The cabinet appointed technical advisory committee for chronic non- communicable disease, the development of infection prevention and control polices and guidelines to reduce the incidence of health care associated infections, the patients’ safety programme, the implementation of a clinical management system, electronic health records and laboratory information systems for HIV/AIDS as well as the ministry of health has intensified its efforts by increasing the number of trained nurses to 1,510 to fill nursing vacancies in our health nstitution by 2012-2015. (Narace, 2009),. They are too numerous to mention all, but it is still an on-going process to develop and efficient and equitable health sector for the citizenry.

Week 1 Business Trends Assignment

Week 1 Business Trends Assignment Tanahya Young XCOM/285 ESSENTIALS OF MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION 3/3/2013 ALISA JACKSON Communicating on the Job The communication involvement daily is a valued part of my process to complete the details of duties outline in my position description. I am required to listen to the spoke and unspoken during interactions with clients. My organization requires that myself and team members have efficient communication with each other and the clients that require our professional assistance.The communication with in the office must stay a flow along with all lines of the process. There is an immediate demand for effective communication from the processing department, to the office and directly to the client themselves. Management with Communication Technology maintains and organizes my daily activities. Technology advancements provide instant communication with the click of a button. I use several computer software databases daily to access much needed inform ation. Moreover, technology makes communications across the globe seem much closer.Instant communication access assists daily with contacting others with in the organization in other locations especially since many are in other locations. Almost all office employees are expected to know how to navigate through the Web and to use word processing, e-mail, spreadsheet, database, and presentation software. Trends in Business Communication Keeping a look out for trends in business in my organization is a way of supplying efficient customer service. When there is a trend identified the communication factor is a must to get the message out.The next line of business once a trend has been identified is to define and map out a plan for resolving the issue. Identifying trends and solving the issue of the trend is a team effort. There is involvement with revealing where the issue evolved from and all of the subject matter that created the issue. Then there is a process of elimination with every team member’s input on their take of the trend where email, Same Time communications and direct letters to clientele for notification.

Free Essays on On The Departure Of My Guest

â€Å"On The Departure of My Guest† Have you ever missed someone so much that everything in your house reminds you of them? Have you ever missed someone so much to the point that they are always on your mind and you love that person so much it is too hard to let go? From a personal experience, I can say that I have missed someone that much. Ms. Julie Kane writes about this exact subject in â€Å"On the Departure of My Guest† in her book Rhythm and Booze. The poem explains how this ladies guest has left her and he has left little things behind to remind her of him. As I read this poem, it became more evident that this lady really missed this man. From what I could tell it was either her husband or her boyfriend. I could not tell whether he left for good or to go on business. To me, this poem is about love and how much you love a person. Love is such a strong word but it has such great meaning. Just saying the word love makes me warm and funny inside because I am in love and I know what the feeling is like. Many p eople fall in love and often lose those loved ones. Losing a loved one can be tough and sometimes people never really overcome losing that person. Everyone loses loved one and everyone will eventually overcome losing that loved one. Ms. Kane describes things she finds around her house to remind her of him. She does things that they used to do to remind her of him. How many people find themselves looking for things to remind them of their loved ones? In the beginning of the poem, she says â€Å"I search my house late Sunday afternoon making a list of what he’s forgotten† (Kane 62). I can take this two ways: she was purposely looking around her house to find things he left or she accidentally stumbled upon them. How Ms. Kane describes the first stanza, it seems to me that she was purposely looking for the things he has forgotten. Have you ever caught yourself doing that? I know from personal experience that when I lost my lov... Free Essays on On The Departure Of My Guest Free Essays on On The Departure Of My Guest â€Å"On The Departure of My Guest† Have you ever missed someone so much that everything in your house reminds you of them? Have you ever missed someone so much to the point that they are always on your mind and you love that person so much it is too hard to let go? From a personal experience, I can say that I have missed someone that much. Ms. Julie Kane writes about this exact subject in â€Å"On the Departure of My Guest† in her book Rhythm and Booze. The poem explains how this ladies guest has left her and he has left little things behind to remind her of him. As I read this poem, it became more evident that this lady really missed this man. From what I could tell it was either her husband or her boyfriend. I could not tell whether he left for good or to go on business. To me, this poem is about love and how much you love a person. Love is such a strong word but it has such great meaning. Just saying the word love makes me warm and funny inside because I am in love and I know what the feeling is like. Many p eople fall in love and often lose those loved ones. Losing a loved one can be tough and sometimes people never really overcome losing that person. Everyone loses loved one and everyone will eventually overcome losing that loved one. Ms. Kane describes things she finds around her house to remind her of him. She does things that they used to do to remind her of him. How many people find themselves looking for things to remind them of their loved ones? In the beginning of the poem, she says â€Å"I search my house late Sunday afternoon making a list of what he’s forgotten† (Kane 62). I can take this two ways: she was purposely looking around her house to find things he left or she accidentally stumbled upon them. How Ms. Kane describes the first stanza, it seems to me that she was purposely looking for the things he has forgotten. Have you ever caught yourself doing that? I know from personal experience that when I lost my lov...

Can We Define Art

Can we define art? Of course we can define art. According to dictionary, art Is the quality, production, expression, or realm of what is beautiful appealing or of more than ordinary significance. But in the eye of some artist included Morris Welts, they believe art Is undefined for many reason. According to Morris Weitz, he point out a few theories of art and argues in his article The Role of Theory in Aesthetics, that they are lacking to the extent that they cannot satisfactorily cover all of the range of things we would like to consider artworks. In addition, they dont accurately capture the concept of art. Weitz argues that where previous theories go wrong Is in their attempts to establish a set of necessary and sufficient condition of art, when in fact what we should do Is ask about art the concept. Once this concept Is understood, he argues that it will make clear the logical impossibility of defining art in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions. Furthermore, Weitzs main argument for why theories of art fail comes from his application of Wittgensteins thoughts about language. pecifically the word game. o art. In fact, according to Wittgenstein, he highlighted the difficulty of defining the word games, he said let us consider what we call games: I mean board-games, card-games, ball-games, Olympic Games, and so on. What is common to them all? Dont say: there must be something common to all. For if you look at them you will not see something that common to all, but similarities. relationships. and a whole series of them at that . He was showing there is no one common feature to all games. And the word games cannot be simply defined; he argues that games have amily resemblances to each other. Some games resemble other games in some respects; there is no more to it, no necessary and sufficient condition. In addition, Weitz argues, this same resemblance principle may apply to art. The problem of the nature of art is like that of the nature of games, at least in these respects: If we actually look and see what it Is that we call art, we will also find no common properties only strands of similarities. He also said, The basic resemblance between these concepts is their open texture. In elucidation them certain cases can e given, about which there can be no question as to their being correctly described as art or game but no exhaustive set of cases can be given. Art is an open concept. Its nature Is such that new cases will constantly arise which will require a decision on the part of those interested on whether to extend the concept to include the new cases. He said that the expansive, changing and creauve nature of art would make defining properties or closure of the concept logically impossible. It is for this reason that he claims previous attempts at defining art have been in vain. Weitzs houghts we may actually find ourselves closer to arts definition. And Weitz says: What I am arguing, then, is that the very expansive, adventurous character of art, its ever-present changes and novel creations, make It logically Impossible to ensure any set of defining properties. It means is that If you were to take a wide range of instances of artworks, there would be no one feature common to them all. However, they are all the common concept products, namely one that is expansive and adventurous. Its necessary, so for a work of art to embody this creativity at least to Of2 human mind product that possesses this concept. In addition, objects in nature arent made by someone with art concept as unbound, adventurous creativity; they also arent creation from a concept in a human mind, furthermore, their existence is independent of human intellect or observation. For example, mountain, trees, flowers and something like that arent works of art. For more information, whoever is producing the object; they wont be doing as an exercise of creativity and unbound expression and so is not necessarily producing the object with an artistic conception in mind. For example, it is not necessary to have a concept of art in mind when creating a map or a floor plan or a scale model. As Weitz claimed, artworks can be differentiated from non-artworks is a hint that perhaps attempting to define art is not quite such a vain pursuit. Furthermore, I do not think defining and elucidation of the concept are different tasks as Weitz would have us believe. If a given artwork has art the concept behind it then this appears to suffice as a necessary condition for its being a work of art. Which leads me to believe the word art may be defined by the oncept behind its instances. A relevant comment on this approach is the response that, in allowing art to be defined by the concept behind it, anyone may place or point to some object or mark and proclaim; that is art. For example a piece of paper scrunched up and thrown on the floor, or an everyday object bizarrely placed may be declared art. My response to this is that in proclaiming such objects as art the proclaimed is correctly commenting on and employing the concept of art previously established. An attempt at challenging previous artistic convention does not onstitute creation outside of art the concept. Furthermore, I would like to extend the set of non-artworks to contain all things that exist, in their current state, independently of intervention by a person with artistic intent. In short, to declare an object an artwork is not enough for the declaration to be true. Since it would have existed and continues to exist in its current state regardless. This I feel is analogous to why objects in nature are not artworks. In conclusion, I feel Weitzs comment on the nature of art are important, but as opposed to leading to the conclusion that art s undefined. In fact, it gets us well on the way to a definition free from the problems faced by previous theories. Weitz is happy to be very specific in his description of the concept of art, which I have argued allows us to rule out many things as non- artworks. By considering the differences in artworks and non-artworks, we can see that where something is a work of art, the artistic concept has been present in a human intellect, which has conceived and created the piece. Non-artworks exist in their current state independently of any such concept.

Civil Legislation and the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Civil Legislation and the Law - Essay Example se inner contents cannot be visibly from the outside, and there are no ways and means by which it is possibly for consumers to ascertain the contents of the bottle by viewing it externally. The facts of this case revolved on the perceived lack of care, or tort of negligence, displayed by the manufacture of ginger beer, in that its contents could hold toxic or health hazards, emanating due to issues arising due to lack of care and ordinary diligence, which had resulted in such situations. In this case, the ginger beer drunk by the plaintiff contained the remnants of a decomposed snail, which precipitated distress and illness in the applicant, Mrs. Donoghue and caused her significant health issues which necessitated medical treatment. Subsequently she brought action on the grounds that the manufacture had been liable for â€Å"damage caused by such neglect†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Donoghue (or M’ Alister) v Stevenson: House of Lords [1932] All ER Rep 1). The area of Tort of Negligence could be invoked in this case. She could bring up a suit for damages for injury caused to her due to consumption of contaminated ginger beer, due to apparent negligence on the part of the manufacturer to ensure that the consumable articles are free from harmful ingredients. Lord Atkins, in his rule on the Donoghue case rules This was what she claimed as damages for tort negligence not amounting to Fraud. This is because the case does not invoke any aspect of fraud or misrepresentation. The manufacturers, Stevenson, did not intentionally cause the snail to be placed in the bottle. It is believed that the place where the cleaning of bottles and refilling was conducted, hosted snails and other reptiles. It is quite possible that a snail may have lodged itself in the bottle. Subsequently, the bottle was filled and sealed by agents of the defendant, without inspecting whether the bottle was clean and contained any thing or not. Thus, basic negligence could be attributed to defendants, and his